Assessment Method for the Construction Effect of Port Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems from a Near-Zero Carbon Perspective

Under the current requirements of near-zero carbon emission goals, ports, as crucial sea-land hubs, must actively assume responsibility for green and low-carbon development. By fully utilizing renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, and rationally allocating the scale of renewable energy systems, ports can maximize their energy self-sufficiency. Balancing economic feasibility and environmental sustainability to reasonably configure the scale of integrated renewable energy systems is crucial for the current stage of port development. To address this challenge, this paper employs HOMER Pro as the simulation tool for constructing a near-zero carbon hybrid renewable energy system for ports, including real-time assessments of power supply and consumption. An evaluation model is established using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, analyzing and comparing construction scenarios of hybrid renewable energy systems based on economic and environmental indicators. Taking J port, a typical port along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu province, as an example, this study uses field survey data on resource endowments such as wind speed, daily radiation flux, and ambient temperature to conduct simulation analysis via HOMER Pro. The study compares three distinct scenarios: a standalone photovoltaic system, a standalone wind turbine system, and a wind-solar hybrid system, to validate the feasibility of the model. The results indicate the following optimal configurations for J Port under a surplus electricity grid connection mode: 7.8 MW photovoltaic panels, five 3 MW wind turbines, and a hybrid configuration of 6.2 MW photovoltaic panels with fifteen 3 MW wind turbines. Results show that the photovoltaic system demonstrates limited emission reduction potential, replacing only 19% of the port's energy consumption and exhibiting a high dependence on the national power grid. In contrast, the standalone wind turbine system satisfies 40% of the port's energy demand, outperforming the photovoltaics in both economic and environmental aspects. The wind-solar hybrid system further enhances the environmental performance of the grid-connected system, supporting 70% of the port's energy demand and achieving a 65% reduction in carbon emissions.