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轮轨摩擦系数对低地板轻轨动力响应及车轮磨耗的影响

李雪 王粤欣 王开云

李雪, 王粤欣, 王开云. 轮轨摩擦系数对低地板轻轨动力响应及车轮磨耗的影响[J]. 交通信息与安全, 2024, 42(1): 41-48. doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.01.005
引用本文: 李雪, 王粤欣, 王开云. 轮轨摩擦系数对低地板轻轨动力响应及车轮磨耗的影响[J]. 交通信息与安全, 2024, 42(1): 41-48. doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.01.005
LI Xue, WANG Yuexin, WANG Kaiyun. Influences of Wheel Rail Friction Coefficient on the Dynamic Response and Wheel Wear of Low Floor Light Rail[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety, 2024, 42(1): 41-48. doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.01.005
Citation: LI Xue, WANG Yuexin, WANG Kaiyun. Influences of Wheel Rail Friction Coefficient on the Dynamic Response and Wheel Wear of Low Floor Light Rail[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety, 2024, 42(1): 41-48. doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.01.005

轮轨摩擦系数对低地板轻轨动力响应及车轮磨耗的影响

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.01.005
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 61863021

中央引导地方科技发展资金项目 22ZY1QA005

详细信息
    作者简介:

    李雪(1975—),硕士,副教授.研究方向:车辆系统动力学与控制. E-mail:lzlix@mail.lzjtu.cn

    通讯作者:

    王开云(1974—),博士,研究员.研究方向:轨道交通大系统动力学. E-mail:kywang@swjtu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: U271.92

Influences of Wheel Rail Friction Coefficient on the Dynamic Response and Wheel Wear of Low Floor Light Rail

  • 摘要: 为了确保低地板轻轨车辆安全且平稳地运行,以某轻轨线路为依托,利用多体动力学软件UM(Universal Mechanism)建立了低地板轻轨车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型。选用LM磨耗型车轮踏面以及R50标准钢轨,以美国六级不平顺轨道谱作为线路激扰。基于Hertz及Kalker简化理论、Archard模型,进行不同摩擦系数共5个工况下车辆动力响应以及车轮磨耗变化规律的仿真分析。在此基础上进一步分析了4个不同运行里程阶段对应共96组车轮磨耗型面下轻轨车辆安全性指标的变化规律。研究了4个不同运行里程阶段对应的不同车轮磨耗型面下车辆过曲线时安全性指标随摩擦系数的变化情况。结果表明:脱轨系数、轮轴横向力、轮轨横向力、车体横向加速度受摩擦系数的影响较为显著,而轮重减载率、车体垂向加速度对摩擦系数的改变并不敏感。车轮磨耗深度随里程和摩擦系数的增加而增大,且相同工况下独立旋转车轮的磨耗情况更加严重。在车辆运行40 000 km后,其轮轨横向力、轮轴横向力、脱轨系数整体呈现随里程增加而增大的规律,而轮重减载率基本不受运行里程的影响。在不同摩擦系数及运行里程的叠加影响下,轮轨横向力、轮轴横向力、脱轨系数的峰值出现的位置不同,而轮重减载率却始终处于较为稳定的状态。

     

  • 图  1  车辆系统动力学模型

    Figure  1.  Vehicle system dynamics model

    图  2  转向架动力学模型

    Figure  2.  Bogie dynamics model

    图  3  轮轨横向力的实测与仿真时程曲线

    Figure  3.  Measurement and simulation time history curve of lateral force of wheel rail

    图  4  曲线线路示意图

    Figure  4.  Schematic diagram of curved line

    图  5  动力学性能指标时程曲线图

    Figure  5.  Time history curve of dynamic performance indicators

    图  6  Archard模型磨耗区的磨耗系数

    Figure  6.  Wear coefficient for Archard's model

    图  7  车轮磨耗深度

    Figure  7.  Depth of wheels wear

    图  8  不同运行里程下1位轮对磨耗型面

    Figure  8.  Wear profile of the first wheelset under different operating mileage

    图  9  不同摩擦系数下1位轮对磨耗量

    Figure  9.  Wheel wear of the first wheelset under different friction coefficients

    图  10  安全性指标随运行里程的变化

    Figure  10.  Changes in safety indicators with operating mileage

    图  11  不同车轮磨耗型面下各指标峰值随摩擦系数的变化

    Figure  11.  The variation of peak values of various indicators with friction coefficient under different wheel wear profiles

    表  1  低地板列车建模主要参数

    Table  1.   Main parameters for modeling low floor trains

    参数名称 动车 拖车
    轮对质量Mw/kg 1 500 750(单个车轮)
    构架质量Mf/kg 2 970 4 224
    车体质量Mc/t 9 3.3
    轴距/m 1.85 1.85
    车辆定距/m 10.31 10.31
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同摩擦系数下各指标的峰值

    Table  2.   Peak values of various indicators under different friction coefficients

    摩擦系数 轮轨横向力/kN 轮轴横向力/kN 脱轨系数 轮重减载率 垂向加速度/(m/s2 横向加速度/(m/s2
    0.1 29.115 19.509 0.455 0.545 0.792 1.229
    0.15 29.54 20.634 0.469 0.55 0.798 1.546
    0.2 30.633 21.001 0.487 0.555 0.842 1.825
    0.25 34.381 23.045 0.544 0.554 0.844 1.869
    0.3 37.91 26.197 0.592 0.555 0.847 1.929
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-03-29
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