Volume 43 Issue 3
Jun.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Transport Information and Safety  > 2025  >  43(3): 74-84
WANG Yanfeng, ZHANG Yu, ZHAO Xiaohua, YANG Yanqun. Evaluation of Comprehensive Utility of Connected HUD Warning System Based on Combination Weighting Method[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety, 2025, 43(3): 74-84. doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2025.03.008
Citation: WANG Yanfeng, ZHANG Yu, ZHAO Xiaohua, YANG Yanqun. Evaluation of Comprehensive Utility of Connected HUD Warning System Based on Combination Weighting Method[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety, 2025, 43(3): 74-84. doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2025.03.008
shu

Evaluation of Comprehensive Utility of Connected HUD Warning System Based on Combination Weighting Method

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2025.03.008
  • 1.

    Department of Automotive Economic Management, Beijing Vocational Transportation College, Beijing 102618, China

  • 2.

    Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

  • 3.

    School of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China

  • Received Date: 2024-12-01
    Available Online: 2025-10-11
    Abstract
  • To solve the problem of single evaluation dimensions and insufficient quantification of the effectiveness of head-up display (HUD) warning systems, a driving simulation platform is developed to design and develop urban road pedestrian crossing connected experimental scenarios and three warning systems (baseline/head-down display (HDD)/HUD). The experimental tests obtained visual and behavioral data of drivers. Based on human factors engineering, systems engineering theory, and traffic engineering, combined with the actual needs of drivers for HUD warning systems, a comprehensive evaluation index system is established by extracting 10 typical key indicators from the four dimensions of system safety, reliability, stability, and efficiency, including braking response time, post encroachment time, maximum pupil area, average distraction index, and recovery speed. The subjective and objective weighting method based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) - entropy weight method (EWM) is used to determine the combined weights of the evaluation index system. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to quantify the single dimensional utility and comprehensive utility of the three warning systems in pedestrian crossing incidents. The results of single dimensional utility show that there are differences in the utility performance of HDD and HUD in four dimensions, and single dimensional quantification cannot comprehensively evaluate the utility of warning systems. Specifically, the HDD and HUD systems have improved their security scores by 6.25% and 18.98% respectively compared to the Baseline conditions; In terms of reliability, HDD slightly decreased by 0.61%, while HUD increased by 1.97%; In terms of stability, HDD and HUD scores increased by 5.97% and 10.99%, respectively; In terms of efficiency, HDD and HUD scores decreased by 2.47% and 3.5% respectively, with HUD performing relatively poorly. The comprehensive utility results indicate that in pedestrian crossing incidents, the comprehensive utility values of HDD and HUD systems increased by 1.86% and 6.36% respectively compared to Baseline conditions. In comparison, HUD has more advantages in balancing safety, reliability, stability, and efficiency, but the design of HUD warning systems in the future still needs to focus on balancing the relationship between safety and efficiency.

     

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