近20年来民航联合基金项目演进特征及未来展望

孙亮; 邹建新; 扈新强

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2025.03.001

近20年来民航联合基金项目演进特征及未来展望

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2025.03.001

中国民航管理干部学院北京 100102

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 72273138

详细信息

通讯作者:
孙亮（1982—），博士，副教授. 研究方向：节能减排与民航绿色转型、科技政策等. E-mail：sunl1st@163.com

中图分类号: V321
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-06
- 网络出版日期: 2025-10-11

Research Hotspots and Prospects of NSFC-Civil Aviation Joint Research Fund in Recent 20 Years

Civil Aviation Management institute of China, Beijing 100102, China

摘要

摘要: 民航联合基金服务国家战略需求，聚焦民航应用基础研究，促进民航科技创新，研究成果助力行业发展。为系统把握民航联合基金项目的演进特征，采用词频分析和潜在狄利克雷分配（latent Dirichlet allocation，LDA）主题建模方法对2004—2023年民航联合基金项目指南和立项信息进行文本挖掘，揭示项目指南关键词特征，剖析立项研究热点及其演进规律，并对未来民航科技研究进行展望。研究表明：①民航联合基金具有阶段性明显、研究力量多元化的总体特征；②项目指南与国家政策及战略发展方向高度契合，民用航空、机场、飞机、安全、突发事件、新航行系统等是近20年来民航联合基金指南经常涉及的关键词，低空运行有望成为未来几年来新兴方向；③民航联合基金主要集中在航空器适航、机场建设与运行、航空安全与风险管理、突发事件与应急管理、绿色民航等11个研究主题；④航空器适航、机场建设与运行、空中交通管理与优化、航空安全与风险管理4个主题贯穿整个周期，表现出持续的热度。民航科技研究热点正从传统的基础设施建设和安全技术领域，逐渐向信息化、智能化和绿色发展等新兴领域转移，并呈现出从单一学科主导向多学科交叉融合的转变趋势。未来民航科技将将聚焦打造数智民航生态、提升全系统安全与推进绿色低碳运行等3个方向，通过多元协同交叉融合、构建自主知识体系，推动民航高质量发展。
- 民航联合基金 /
- 热点分析 /
- 主题演进 /
- 文本挖掘 /
- 研究展望
Abstract: The NSFC-Civil Aviation Joint Research Fund serves national strategic needs, focuses on fundamental research for civil aviation applications, promotes scientific and technological innovation, and supports industry development through its research outcomes. To systematically understand the topic evolution of the NSFC-Civil Aviation Joint Research Fund projects, a text mining method combining word frequency analysis and latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modeling is applied to analyze the topic selection guidelines and project approvals from 2004 to 2023. The study reveals the keyword characteristics of the guidelines, analyzes research hotspots and their evolutionary trends, and provides the research prospects of civil aviation. The results indicate that: ①The NSFC-Civil Aviation Joint Research Fund exhibits distinct phases and attracts diversified research forces. ②The guidelines are highly consistent with national policies and strategic development directions. Keywords such as civil aviation, airport, aircraft, safety, emergencies, and NextGen have frequently appeared in the guidelines over the past 20 years, while low-altitude operation may emerge as a new hotspot in future. ③The fund mainly focuses on 11 research topics, including aircraft airworthiness, airport construction and operation, air traffic management and optimization, aviation safety and risk management, emergencies and emergency management, green aviation, and so on. ④Four topics including aircraft airworthiness, airport construction and operation, air traffic management and optimization, and aviation safety and risk management have remained hot in the past 20 years. The research hotspots in civil aviation are shifting from traditional infrastructure construction and safety technology fields to emerging fields such as informatization, intelligence, and green development. The trend is also moving from single-discipline dominance to multidisciplinary integration. Looking ahead, the future NSFC-Civil Aviation Joint Research Fund is expected to focus on constructing a digital intelligence ecology, enhancing system-wide safety, and promoting green development. By fostering multifaceted synergistic cross-fertilization and developimg an autonomous knowledge system, it aims to drive the high-quality development of civil aviation.
- NSFC-Civil Aviation Joint Research Fund /
- hotspot analysis /
- topic evolution /
- text mining /
- research prospect

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图 1 2004—2023年民航联合基金立项数量及资助金额

Figure 1. Number and funding amount of approved projects under NSFC-civil aviation joint research fund(2004—2023)

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图 2 2004—2023年民航联合基金立项资助单位

Figure 2. Organizations funded by NSFC-civil aviation joint research fund(2004—2023)

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图 3 2004—2023年民航联合基金指南词云图

Figure 3. Word cloud of NSFC-civil aviation joint research fund guidelines(2004—2023)

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图 4 2004—2023年民航联合基金指南关键词首次出现年度及词频

Figure 4. First appearance and frequency of keywords in NSFC-civil aviation joint research fund guidelines(2004—2023)

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图 5 不同阶段研究主题相似度桑基图

Figure 5. Sankey diagram of research topics coherence across stages

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表 1 各阶段主题及排名前10的关键词列表

Table 1. List of topics and top 10 keywords in each stage

阶段	主题	关键词
启动期	主题1	结构、维修、腐蚀、发动机、起落架、检测、铝合金构件、故障诊断、表面、减震器
	主题2	摩擦系数、调度、延误、机场跑道、缺陷、基桩、停机位、进离港、沥青、流量管理
	主题3	事故、飞行员、情境、航空安全、空中交通管制员、高血脂、心理特征、人为因素、人为差错、事故征候
	主题4	空域、飞行间隔、导航、监测、冲突检测、管制、精度、传感器、雷达、距离
	主题5	模拟、宇宙辐射、风切变、预报、颠簸、探测、环境、大气、云图、视景
	主题6	航空公司、机队、排班、调度、低成本、旅客、运营、政策、市场、市场准入
	主题7	黑匣子、编码、数据挖掘、自动纠错、自适应、信息检索、飞行数据、数据组织、数据存储、模糊
	主题8	爆炸物、检测、CT、机场、行李、旅客、并行计算、图像重建、X射线、随身携带
	主题9	突发事件、仿真、不确定性、博弈、应急预案、资源配置、影响度、急救、调度、扩散
发展期	主题1	热障涂层、蒙皮、发动机叶片、超疏水涂层、复合材料、可靠性、腐蚀、寿命、故障诊断、适航
	主题2	航站楼、沥青道面、鸟击、跑道异物、中小机场、高海拔机场、高分遥感、地面除冰、荷载、混凝土
	主题3	空域规划、避撞、最小间隔、导航、监视、新一代航行系统、航空宽带通信、空中交通管理、航迹、北斗
	主题4	飞行员、疲劳、事故、负荷、特征、监测、进近、航空安全、异常驾驶
	主题5	加密、飞行信息、隐私、信息系统、信息安全、认证码、QAR、协同、异构、物联网
	主题6	风切变、能见度、湍流、训练、结冰、全息、预警、虚拟现实、失控、自适应
	主题7	应急、突发事件、救援、火灾、疏散、逃生、机舱、感知、灾难、病毒
	主题8	航班延误、航空公司、旅客、航空运输、航线规划、运营、定价、航班恢复、锂电池、复杂网络
	主题9	安全检查、毫米波、爆炸物、危险品、传感器、X射线、人工智能、人脸识别、身份认证、目标跟踪
	主题10	喷雾作业、信息服务、森林灭火、在环感知与避撞、通用航空、态势感知、空域、监视、非合作目标、四维航迹
	主题11	噪声、外部成本、机场、清单、能耗、环境影响、LTO、发动机、节能减排、污染
成熟期	主题1	机场跑道、行李、旅客、航站楼、卫星厅、鸟类活动、运动目标监测、智能、一体化、电子标签
	主题2	可靠性、复合材料、智能、安全性、发动机、民用飞机、维修、机载设备、表面、寿命
	主题3	导航、空中交通、态势感知、四维航迹、通信、稀疏相控阵、远程塔台、空地协同、智能、间隔管控
	主题4	昼夜节律、航空安全、指标体系、人为因素、心理、胜任能力、紊乱、风险评估、大数据、全生命周期
	主题5	机场、大气污染排放、碳排放、国际航线、航站楼、数字孪生、环境影响、尾气、监测、策略研究
	主题6	航班、优化、机场、资源配置、航班时刻、航空运输、流量管理、运行指挥、一体化、容量
	主题7	火灾、货舱、二次引燃、突发公共卫生事件、蔓延、处置、应急、传感、探测、误报
	主题8	飞行、智能、天气预报、训练、强对流、模拟、晴空颠簸、空中交通管理、锋区、预警
	主题9	通用航空、森林灭火、无人机、融合、适航、避撞、消防、感知、动力、协同
	主题10	网络安全、信息系统、威胁、防御体系、保障、威胁、感知、航电、验证

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