Effect of Driving System's Suspension Structure on Dynamics Performances of Inner Axlebox Bogie
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摘要: 为了优化轴箱内置式转向架驱动系统的悬挂结构，提高轨道交通车辆的服役安全性和可靠性，基于齿轮动力学、车辆系统动力学等理论，利用多体动力学软件SIMPACK建立了考虑驱动及传动系统的轴箱内置式车辆动力学模型。在现采用的轴箱内置式转向架驱动系统悬挂形式的基础上，研究了3种不同的悬挂结构，分析了不同驱动系统悬挂结构下，牵引电机质量在一系簧下及一系簧上的分配比例；考虑齿轮啮合及轨道随机不平顺等内、外部激励，结合驱动系统不同悬挂结构形式，研究了不同车辆运行速度下牵引电机等关键部件的振动响应、联轴器变位、驱动系统悬挂点动态载荷等动力学特性，揭示了不同驱动系统悬挂结构对轴箱内置式转向架动态性能的影响规律。研究结果表明：齿轮箱与电机之间用橡胶节点连接可以限制二者的相对位移，对联轴器起到良好的保护作用，但由于增加振动从轮轨界面向驱动系统及构架传递的路径，牵引电机及构架等关键部件振动水平显著升高；减少齿轮箱与电机之间橡胶节点的数量，可以减小驱动系统分配到一系簧下的质量以及齿轮箱与车轴铰接处的垂向载荷，但会增大电机悬吊点和齿轮箱吊杆吊点承受的垂向载荷。本文的研究结果可为轴箱内置式动力转向架驱动系统悬挂结构的设计提供参考。Abstract: To optimize driving system's suspension structure of the inner axlebox bogie and improve service safety and reliability of the railway vehicles, a dynamics model of the inner axlebox vehicle considering driving and transmission system was established using the theories of gear dynamics and vehicle system dynamics and the multibody dynamics software SIMPACK. On the basis of the current driving system's suspension form of the bogie, three different suspension structures were proposed in this study. The proportion of traction motor mass allocated to primary unsprung and sprung under different driving system's suspension structures is analyzed. In addition, with the consideration of the internal and external excitation such as gear meshing and track random irregularity, and different driving system's suspension structures, this study investigates the dynamics characteristics such as the vibration responses of key components like traction motor, displacements of the coupling, dynamics forces at suspension points of driving system at different speeds, which revealed the effect of different driving system's suspension structures on dynamics performances of the inner axlebox bogie. The results show that the connecting rubber nodes between the gearbox and motor can limit their relative displacement and effectively protect the coupling. However, it also increases the transmission path of vibration from the wheel-rail surface to frame and driving system, leading to a significant increase in vibration levels of traction motor, frame, and other key components. In addition, reducing the number of rubber nodes between the gearbox and motor can decrease the mass of driving system allocated to the primary unsprung and the gearbox-axle joint vertical force. However, it would increase the vertical force on the motor suspension point and the gearbox rod joint. These results can provide a reference for the design of driving system's suspension structure of the inner axlebox power bogie.
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表 1 主要设计参数
Table 1. Main parameters of design
参数 数值 参数 数值 参数 数值 设计速度/（km/h） 200 车轮滚动圆直径/mm 860 轴箱中心横向跨距/mm 1 120 车体质量/kg 26 000 车辆定距/mm 15 700 一系悬挂横向跨距/mm 1 120 构架质量/kg 1 068 轴距/mm 2 300 空气弹簧横向跨距/mm 1 500 
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表 2 齿轮副参数
Table 2. Parameters of gear pair
参数 主动轮 从动轮 模数/mm 5.5 5.5 压力角/deg 20 20 螺旋角/deg 18 18 中心距/mm 380 380 齿数 23 107 齿宽/mm 64 60 齿顶高系数 1 1 顶隙系数 0.4 0.4 变位系数 0.402 9 0.369 8
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表 3 牵引电机质量分配情况
Table 3. Distribution of traction motor mass
悬挂结构 簧下质量/% 簧上质量/% 四点式 49.67 50.33 三点式 38.55 61.45 两点式 14.43 85.57 悬吊式 0 100
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