超高速公路合流区加速车道长度可靠性研究

何永明; 王繁; 吴佳璇; 邢婉钰

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.06.007

超高速公路合流区加速车道长度可靠性研究

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.06.007

何永明^{1, 2, ,},
王繁¹,
吴佳璇¹,
邢婉钰¹

1.
东北林业大学土木与交通学院哈尔滨 150040
2.
东北林业大学工程咨询设计研究院有限公司哈尔滨 150040

基金项目:

黑龙江省自然科学基金项目 LH2023E011

东北林业大学碳中和专项科学基金项目 HFW221600015

详细信息

通讯作者:
何永明(1979—)，博士，副教授. 研究方向：超高速公路及交通规划与管理.E-mail：hymjob@nefu.edu.cn

中图分类号: U412.36
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-11
- 网络出版日期: 2025-03-08

Reliability of Acceleration Lane Length in Confluence Area of Superhighway

HE Yongming^{1, 2
, ,},
WANG Fan¹,
WU Jiaxuan¹,
XING Wanyu¹

1.
School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
2.
Engineering Consulting & Design Institute, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

摘要

摘要: 为克服现行规范采用确定性模型设计加速车道长度的缺点，考虑不同匝道设计速度，对满足行车安全和效率的加速车道合理长度进行研究。运用基于车辆汇入理论的长度计算模型，引入可靠度理论，构建加速车道长度的功能函数。对功能函数中的最低合流速度等相关参数统计推导，生成变量随机数代入蒙特卡洛法求解，估计不同主线和匝道设计速度下加速车道长度可靠概率。结合结构可靠性设计标准，以可靠概率大于95%为基准，得到了对应主线设计速度140 km/h与匝道设计速度30，40，50，60 km/h的加速车道长度推荐值。利用城市交通仿真（Simulation of Urban Mobility，SUMO）验证了推荐值的合理性，结果表明：加速车道可靠概率随加速车道长度增加而增加，且达到一定值后趋于稳定。给定的服务水平和目标可靠指标下，加速车道长度受主线及匝道设计速度影响，与匝道设计速度负相关。相较于确定性模型，基于可靠度理论和交通仿真模型的加速车道长度设计更灵活、可靠。
- 道路工程 /
- 加速车道 /
- 长度计算模型 /
- 可靠度理论 /
- SUMO仿真 /
- 超高速公路
Abstract: To overcome the shortcomings of the current specifications that use deterministic model to design the acceleration lane length, considering different ramp design speeds, the reasonable length of acceleration lane is investigated to meet the requirements of traffic safety and efficiency. The functional function of the acceleration lane length is established by using the length calculation model based on vehicle merging theory and introducing the reliability theory. Statistical inference is conducted on related parameters such as the minimum merging speed in the functional function. Random variables are generated and substituted into the Monte Carlo method for solving, to estimate the reliable probability of the acceleration lane length under different mainline and ramp design speeds. Combined with the standard for reliability design standard of structure and the reliability probability greater than 95%, the recommended values of the superhighway acceleration lane length corresponding to the main line design speed of 140 km/h and the ramp design speed of 30, 40, 50, 60 km/h are obtained. The rationality of the recommended value is verified by Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO), and the results show that the reliability probability of the acceleration lane increases as the acceleration lane length increases, and tends to be stable after reaching a certain value. The acceleration lane length is affected by the mainline design speed and the ramp design speed, and is negatively correlated with the ramp design speed under a given service level and target reliability index. Compared with the deterministic model, the design of acceleration lane length through reliability theory and traffic simulation model is more flexible and reliable.
- road engineering /
- acceleration lane /
- length calculation model /
- reliability method /
- Simulation of Urban Mobility(SUMO) /
- superhighway

HTML全文

图 1 加速车道组成

Figure 1. Composition of acceleration lane

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图 2 不同N值下可靠概率分布曲线

Figure 2. Reliability probability distribution curves for different N values

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图 3 主线设计速度140 km/h下可靠概率分布曲线

Figure 3. Reliability probability distribution curves for mainline design speed of 140 km/h

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图 4 SUMO仿真验证框架

Figure 4. SUMO simulation verification framework

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图 5 主线设计速度100 km/h和120 km/h评价指标数值统计

Figure 5. Numerical statistics of evaluation indicators for main line design speed of 100 km/h and 120 km/h

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图 6 主线设计速度140 km/h评价指标数值统计

Figure 6. Evaluation index of numerical statistics for main line design speed of 140 km /h

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表 1 超高速公路分级及相关参数取值

Table 1. Superhighway classification and related parameter values

公路等级	服务对象	设计速度/（km/h）
超一级	普通客货车	100	120	140
超一级	具有定速巡航功能	100	120	140
超二级	乘用汽车专用	120	140	160
超二级	具有辅助驾驶功能	120	140	160
超三级	自动驾驶汽车专用	140	160	180

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表 2 平均等待时间

Table 2. Average waiting time

主线设计速度/（km/h）	最小车头间距/m	每车道通行能力/（pcu/h）	最大服务交通量/（pcu/h）	平均等待时间/s
140	192.05	729	583	0.223 0
120	152.22	788	631	0.263 0
100	117.24	853	682	0.304 9

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表 3 不同加速车道长度可靠度计算结果

Table 3. Reliability calculation results of different acceleration lane lengths

匝道设计速度/（km/h）	加速车道长度/m	可靠概率/%	失效概率/%	可靠指标
	540	93.42	6.58	1.51
	560	95.69	4.31	1.72
30	580	97.34	2.66	1.93
30	600	98.37	1.63	2.14
	620	99.44	0.56	2.54
	640	99.49	0.51	2.57
	480	87.24	12.76	1.14
	500	91.30	8.70	1.36
40	520	94.30	5.70	1.58
40	540	96.34	3.66	1.79
	560	97.71	2.29	2.00
	580	98.67	1.33	2.22
	440	85.73	14.27	1.07
	460	90.14	9.86	1.29
50	480	93.37	6.63	1.50
50	500	95.72	4.28	1.72
	520	97.27	2.73	1.92
	540	98.35	1.65	2.13
	400	86.00	14.00	1.08
	420	90.48	9.52	1.31
60	440	93.60	6.40	1.52
60	460	95.80	4.20	1.73
	480	97.43	2.57	1.95
	500	98.45	1.55	2.16

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表 4 目标可靠指标

Table 4. Target reliability index

结构安全等级	公路等级	目标可靠指标	目标可靠概率/%
一级	高速	1.64	95
一级	一级	1.28	90
二级	二级	1.04	85
三级	三级	0.84	80
三级	四级	0.52	70

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表 5 合流区平行式加速车道长度取值

Table 5. Length value of acceleration lane in confluence area

主线设计速度/（km/h）	不同匝道设计速度（km/h）下的推荐值/m				规范值/m
主线设计速度/（km/h）	60	50	40	30	规范值/m
140	460	500	520	560
120	360	400	420	440	320
100	260	300	320	360	280
注：现行规范JTG D20—2017《公路路线设计规范》^[30]中未考虑匝道设计速度的影响，主线速度100，120 km/h单车道匝道加速车道长度取值分别为280，320 m，数值取值包括渐变段长度。

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表 6 仿真场景参数

Table 6. Simulation scenario parameters

仿真场景	设计速度/（km/h）	主线车流量/（pcu/h）	加速车道长度/m
场景1~2	100	1 749	260:20:280
场景3~4	120	1 893	320:40:360
场景5~15	140	2 046	100:60:700
注：加速车道长度中冒号外侧两端代表取值的起点和终点。260:20:280代表从加速车道长度260 m到280 m，间隔20 m取值；320:40:360代表从加速车道长度320 m到360 m，间隔40 m取值；100:60:700代表从加速车道长度100 m到700 m，间隔60 m取值。为方便后续对工况的描述以V_Main表示主线设计速度，V_Ramp表示匝道设计速度。

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表 7 主线设计速度140 km/h下各指标性能表现

Table 7. Each index performance for mainline design speed of 140 km/h

加速车道长度/m	平均速度/（km/h）	延误时间/s	长度利用率/%	综合奖励指标
340	119.16	1.74	42.83	0.23
400	121.32	1.64	37.75	0.29
460	122.65	1.62	42.97	0.32
520	123.73	1.63	40.35	0.31
580	124.42	1.68	39.54	0.28
640	125.46	1.57	34.22	0.34
700	123.80	1.63	33.05	0.29

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