多车道高速公路分流交织区交通流特性与交通组织策略

季托; 周颖; 吕能超

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2021.02.016

多车道高速公路分流交织区交通流特性与交通组织策略

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2021.02.016

季托^1,,
周颖²,
吕能超^1, ,

1.
武汉理工大学智能交通系统研究中心武汉 430063
2.
中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司武汉 430056

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51678460

武汉市科技局企业技术创新专项项目 2018010402011175

详细信息

作者简介:
季托（1997—），硕士研究生. 研究方向：道路交通安全评价.E-mail：jituo@whut.edu.cn

通讯作者:
吕能超（1982—），博士，教授.研究方向：道路交通安全评价.E-mail：lnc@whut.edu.cn

中图分类号: U491.2
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- 文章访问数: 377
- HTML全文浏览量: 352
- PDF下载量: 43
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-05

Traffic Flow Characteristics and Traffic Organization Strategy in a Diversion and Interleaving Area of Multi-lane Freeways

JI Tuo^1
,,
ZHOU Ying²,
LYU Nengchao^{1
, ,}

1.
Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
2.
Second Highway Consultant Company LTD., CCCC, Wuhan 430056, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解决多车道高速公路分流交织区由于车道数增加、交通流量增加、标志设置不合理等原因存在的诸多安全问题，在分析多车道高速公路分流交织区存在的问题和总结现有多车道高速公路断面形式（整体式断面、客货分离式断面、主辅分离式断面）的基础上，提出多车道高速公路分流交织区的交通组织形式及其优缺点。总结了多位学者对多车道高速公路分流交织区处的运行车速、通行能力及安全特性和冲突特性的研究，并在此基础上，提出了多车道高速公路分流交织区处的交通管理（车道管理和车速管理）及诱导设施（同向分隔带、标志标线）的优化意见。所提出的交通管理及诱导设施的优化方案可以显著提高多车道高速公路分流交织区的安全性及其运行效率。
- 交通工程 /
- 多车道高速公路 /
- 断面形式 /
- 交通流特性 /
- 交通组织管理优化
Abstract: Many safety problems exist in the interleaving area of multi-lane expressways due to increased lanes and traffic flow and the unreasonable setting of signs. The traffic organization form with its advantages and disadvantages of the interleaving area of multi-lane expressways is proposed by analyzing the problems in the interleaving area of multi-lane expressways and the forms of existing multi-lane expressways(integrated section, passenger-and-cargo separated sections, and main and auxiliary separated sections). According to the operating speed, capacity, safety characteristics, and conflict characteristics of the multi-lane expressway diversion and weaving area, optimized suggestions on traffic management(lane and speed managements)and guidance facilities(same direction separation zone and marking)at the diverging and weaving areas of multi-lane expressways are put forward. The proposed optimization opinions on traffic management and guidance facilities can significantly improve the safety of the interleaving area of multi-lane expressways as well as its operation.
- traffic engineering /
- multi-lane expressway /
- section form /
- traffic flow characteristics /
- optimization of traffic organization and management

HTML全文

图 1 整体式高速公路路基断面形式

Figure 1. Section form of the integral highway subgrade

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图 2 整体式的车道断面图

Figure 2. Cross-section of the integral lane

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图 3 整体式多车道高速公路实例

Figure 3. Cases of integral multi-lane cross-section highways

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图 4 分离式12车道路基断面

Figure 4. Section of the separated 12-lane subgrade

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图 5 分离式12车道断面示意图

Figure 5. Separated 12-lane Section

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图 6 410高速及I-496高速实例

Figure 6. Case of expressways 410 and I-496

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图 7 不同断面交通组织形式下车辆出高速示意图

Figure 7. Vehicles leaving the highway under different cross-section organizational forms

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图 8 主辅分离式断面立体交叉出口形式

Figure 8. Exit form of the separated cross-section of main and auxiliary roads

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图 9 同向分隔带开口端部设置形式

Figure 9. Setting form of the opening end of the co-directional separator

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图 10 同向分隔带开口示意

Figure 10. Opening distance of the co-directional separator

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图 11 整体式断面组织形式标志标线示意

Figure 11. Setting of signs and markings in the organizational form of integral cross-section

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图 12 主辅分离式断面组织形式标志标线示意

Figure 12. Signs and markings of the sectional organizational form of separated main and auxiliary roads

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表 1 不同断面组织形式的优缺点分析

Table 1. Analysis of advantages and disadvantages of different cross-section organizational forms

断面组织形式	优点	缺点
整体客货混行式	①新建或改扩建时方便易行	①行车安全隐患多，易引发交通事故
	②施工时间较短	②混行行车速度受制约，通行效率降低
	③相比客货分离式、主辅分离式可减少道路用地	③交织区运行情况复杂
整体客货分离式	①可有效减少交通事故，提高行车安全性	①需要针对车道使用建立相关法律法规，增加管理、执法部门工作强度
	②可最大发挥速度优势，有助于节能减排	②现有技术条件下难以执法监管
	③有利于提升管理的现代化程度	③交织区运行情况仍然复杂
主辅分离式	①主线非交织区路段烦扰较少，安全性高	①道路修建技术标准不同，建设成本增加；占地增加
	②便于管理和执法	②需要针对专用的车道建立相关法律法规，运行标准③交织区部分路段运行风险较大。
		③交织区部分路段运行风险较大。

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表 2 交通冲突及通行能力影响因素

Table 2. Traffic conflict and influencing factors of the traffic capacity

分类	影响因素
道路条件	车道数影响换道行为
道路条件	分流区特殊的几何设计，如减速车道的长度不能满足需求
交通流	交通量影响分流需求，分流需求是产生大量强制性换车道的直接原因，也是交通冲突的主要来源
交通流	速度、车头时距对交通冲突的数量、类型、分布及严重程度具有重要影响
驾驶行为	多车道高速公路出人口交通冲突区域，由于驾驶员的驾驶负担大幅度加重导致驾驶行为变得异常复杂
车型	整体式断面高速公路内侧车辆分流时需通过外侧货车车道，而货车车速较低，易发生追尾冲突

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